Gravitational wave astrophysics, data analysis and multimessenger astronomy

TL;DR

This paper reviews gravitational wave sources, detection methods using GPU acceleration, and the role of multimessenger astronomy in enhancing scientific understanding of black hole coalescences.

Contribution

It introduces GPU-based algorithms for real-time gravitational wave detection and discusses the integration of electromagnetic observations for comprehensive astrophysical insights.

Findings

Binary black hole coalescences are likely the first detectable gravitational wave sources.

GPU-implemented filters enable rapid, real-time detection and localization of signals.

Multimessenger astronomy significantly enhances source identification and scientific outcomes.

Abstract

This paper reviews gravitational wave sources and their detection. One of the most exciting potential sources of gravitational waves are coalescing binary black hole systems. They can occur on all mass scales and be formed in numerous ways, many of which are not understood. They are generally invisible in electromagnetic waves, and they provide opportunities for deep investigation of Einstein's general theory of relativity. Sect. 1 of this paper considers ways that binary black holes can be created in the universe, and includes the prediction that binary black hole coalescence events are likely to be the first gravitational wave sources to be detected. The next parts of this paper address the detection of chirp waveforms from coalescence events in noisy data. Such analysis is computationally intensive. Sect. 2 reviews a new and powerful method of signal detection based on the GPU-implemented summed parallel infinite impulse response filters. Such filters are intrinsically real time alorithms, that can be used to rapidly detect and localise signals. Sect. 3 of the paper reviews the use of GPU processors for rapid searching for gravitational wave bursts that can arise from black hole births and coalescences. In sect. 4 the use of GPU processors to enable fast efficient statistical significance testing of gravitational wave event candidates is reviewed. Sect. 5 of this paper addresses the method of multimessenger astronomy where the discovery of electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave events can be used to identify sources, understand their nature and obtain much greater science outcomes from each identified event.