The nature of the late B-type stars HD 67044 and HD 42035

TL;DR

This study reveals that two stars previously classified as normal late B-type are actually a chemically peculiar star and a spectroscopic binary with a slow and a fast rotator, based on high-resolution spectral analysis.

Contribution

The paper identifies and characterizes the chemical peculiarities and binary nature of HD 67044 and HD 42035, providing detailed abundance analyses and spectral classifications.

Findings

HD 67044 is a new HgMn-type chemically peculiar star.

HD 42035 is a spectroscopic binary with a slow rotator and a fast rotator.

Distinct chemical abundance patterns confirm the peculiarity and binary nature.

Abstract

While monitoring a sample of apparently slowly rotating superficially normal bright late B and early A stars in the northern hemisphere, we have discovered that HD 67044 and HD 42035, hitherto classified as normal late B-type stars, are actually respectively a new chemically peculiar star and a new spectroscopic binary containing a very slow rotator HD 42035 S with ultra-sharp lines (vsini = 3.7 km/s) and a fast rotator HD 42035 B with broad lines. The lines of Ti, Cr, Mn, Sr, Y, Zr and Ba are conspicuous features in the high resolution SOPHIE spectrum of HD 67044. The HgII line at 3983.93 A is also present as a weak feature. The composite spectrum of HD 42035 is characterised by very sharp lines formed in HD 42035 S superimposed onto the shallow and broad lines of HD 42035 B. These very sharp lines are mostly due to light elements from C to Ni, the only heavy species definitely present are Sr and Ba. Selected lines of 21 chemical elements from He up to Hg have been synthesized using model atmospheres computed with ATLAS9 and the spectrum synthesis code SYNSPEC48 including hyperfine structure of various isotopes when relevant. Abundances of these key elements have been derived HD 67044 and HD 42035 S. HD 67044 is found to have distinct enhancements of Ti, Cr, Mn, Sr, Y, Zr, Ba and Hg and underabundances in He, C, O, Ca and Sc which shows that this star is not a superficially normal late B-type star, but actually is a new CP star most likely of the HgMn type. HD 42035 S has provisional underabundances of the light elements from C to Ti and overabundances of heavier elements up to barium. More accurate fundamental parameters and abundances for HD 42035 S and HD 42035 B will be derived if we manage to disentangle their spectra. They will help clarify the status of the two components in this interesting new spectroscopic binary.