The question of charge and of mass

TL;DR

This paper explores the fundamental interactions of electromagnetism and gravity, proposing a unified energy expression, discussing gauge symmetry breaking, and linking these concepts to phenomena like the Higgs boson and vacuum excitations.

Contribution

It introduces a unified energy expression for long-range forces and discusses the implications of gauge symmetry breaking in particle mass generation.

Findings

Derived a general interaction energy formula for electromagnetic and gravitational forces.

Proposed the concept of giant charged particles forming a superfluid.

Linked Higgs boson decay and vacuum excitations to gauge symmetry breaking.

Abstract

There are two long-range forces in the Universe, electromagnetism and gravity.We have found a general expression for the energy of interaction in these cases alphaXhbarXc/r, where alpha is the fine structure constant and r is the distance between the two particles.In the case of the electromagnetic interaction we have alphaxhbarxc=e^2/4pixepsilon, where e is the gauge charge, which is the elementary electron charge. In the case of the gravitational interaction alphaxhbarxc=GxM^2where M=1.85x10^(-9) kg is the gauge mass of the particle.This is a giant particle. A system of like charged giant particles, would be a charged superfluid. By spontaneous breaking of a gauge symmetry are generated the Higgs masive bosons.The unitary gauge assure generation of the neutral massive particles. The perturbation from the unitary gauge generates charged massive particles. Also, the Higgs boson decays into charged and neutral particles.The Tesla coil is the user of the excitations of the vacuum.