Comparative evaluation of state-of-the-art algorithms for SSVEP-based BCIs

TL;DR

This paper provides a comprehensive comparison of algorithms for SSVEP-based BCIs, offering a dataset and toolbox to support future research and establish a baseline for the field.

Contribution

It systematically evaluates key parameters of SSVEP-based BCI algorithms and supplies a dataset and toolbox for reproducibility and further development.

Findings

Identifies optimal parameter settings for SSVEP algorithms

Provides a benchmark dataset with EEG signals from 11 subjects

Offers a reproducible processing toolbox for the community

Abstract

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have been gaining momentum in making human-computer interaction more natural, especially for people with neuro-muscular disabilities. Among the existing solutions the systems relying on electroencephalograms (EEG) occupy the most prominent place due to their non-invasiveness. However, the process of translating EEG signals into computer commands is far from trivial, since it requires the optimization of many different parameters that need to be tuned jointly. In this report, we focus on the category of EEG-based BCIs that rely on Steady-State-Visual-Evoked Potentials (SSVEPs) and perform a comparative evaluation of the most promising algorithms existing in the literature. More specifically, we define a set of algorithms for each of the various different parameters composing a BCI system (i.e. filtering, artifact removal, feature extraction, feature selection and classification) and study each parameter independently by keeping all other parameters fixed. The results obtained from this evaluation process are provided together with a dataset consisting of the 256-channel, EEG signals of 11 subjects, as well as a processing toolbox for reproducing the results and supporting further experimentation. In this way, we manage to make available for the community a state-of-the-art baseline for SSVEP-based BCIs that can be used as a basis for introducing novel methods and approaches.