Dynamics of spinor Bose-Einstein condensate subject to dissipation

TL;DR

This paper studies how dissipation affects the internal dynamics of spinor Bose-Einstein condensates, revealing altered phase space trajectories and dynamical behaviors compared to the dissipation-free case.

Contribution

It introduces a Lindblad master equation approach to analyze dissipation effects on spinor BEC dynamics, highlighting new dynamical regimes and phase space features.

Findings

Dissipation prevents evolution along specific dynamical orbits.

Different dissipation rates in components lead to non-conservation of magnetization.

Dynamical behaviors are characterized in an extended phase space.

Abstract

We investigate the internal dynamics of the spinor Bose-Einstein Condensates subject to dissipation by solving the Lindblad master equation. It is shown that for the condensates without dissipation its dynamics always evolve along specific orbital in the phase space of ($n_0$, $\theta$) and display three kinds of dynamical properties including Josephson-like oscillation, self-trapping-like oscillation and 'running phase'. In contrast, the condensates subject to dissipation will not evolve along the specific dynamical orbital. If component-1 and component-(-1) dissipate in different rates, the magnetization $m$ will not conserve and the system transits between different dynamical regions. The dynamical properties can be exhibited in the phase space of ($n_0$, $\theta$, $m$).