Astronomical Observing Conditions at Xinglong Observatory from 2007 to 2014

TL;DR

This paper characterizes the observing conditions at Xinglong Observatory from 2007 to 2014, providing valuable data on meteorology, seeing, and sky brightness to optimize astronomical observations and site utilization.

Contribution

It offers a comprehensive analysis of the site's meteorological and observational conditions over several years, aiding in observation planning and site assessment.

Findings

Xinglong Observatory maintains good observing conditions.

Meteorological data supports optimal observation scheduling.

Sky brightness levels are suitable for various astronomical studies.

Abstract

Xinglong Observatory of the National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAOC), is one of the major optical observatories in China, which hosts nine optical telescopes including the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) and the 2.16 m reflector. Scientific research from these telescopes is focused on stars, galaxies, and exoplanets using multicolor photometry and spectroscopic observations. Therefore, it is important to provide the observing conditions of the site, in detail, to the astronomers for an efficient use of these facilities. In this article, we present the characterization of observing conditions at Xinglong Observatory based on the monitoring of meteorology, seeing and sky brightness during the period from 2007 to 2014. Results suggest that Xinglong Observatory is still a good site for astronomical observations. Our analysis of the observing conditions at Xinglong Observatory can be used as a reference to the observers on targets selection, observing strategy, and telescope operation.