Matter-wave soliton interferometer based on a nonlinear splitter

TL;DR

This paper introduces a matter-wave soliton interferometer utilizing a nonlinear delta-functional potential as a splitter, demonstrating enhanced sensitivity over traditional linear splitters through analytical solutions and systematic simulations.

Contribution

It presents a novel nonlinear splitter model for soliton interferometry, with exact and approximate solutions, and shows improved sensitivity in detecting targets.

Findings

Nonlinear splitter enhances interferometer sensitivity.

Exact solution for plane wave scattering on nonlinear potential.

Simulation confirms increased detection sensitivity.

Abstract

We elaborate a model of the interferometer which, unlike previously studied ones, uses a local (delta-functional) nonlinear repulsive potential, embedded into a harmonic-oscillator trapping potential, as the splitter for the incident soliton. An estimate demonstrates that this setting may be implemented by means of the localized Feshbach resonance controlled by a focused laser beam. The same system may be realized as a nonlinear waveguide in optics. Subsequent analysis produces an exact solution for scattering of a plane wave in the linear medium on the delta-functional nonlinear repulsive potential, and an approximate solution for splitting of the incident soliton when the ambient medium is nonlinear. The most essential result, obtained by means of systematic simulations, is that the use of the nonlinear splitter provides the sensitivity of the soliton-based interferometer to the target, inserted into one of its arms, which is much higher than the sensitivity provided by the usual linear splitter.