Dark matter as the Bose-Einstein condensation in loop quantum cosmology

TL;DR

This paper explores the role of Bose-Einstein condensate dark matter within loop quantum cosmology, analyzing its impact on early universe evolution, phase transition dynamics, and the behavior of cosmological parameters.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed study of Bose-Einstein condensate dark matter in loop quantum cosmology, focusing on phase transition effects on universe evolution.

Findings

Analysis of energy density, temperature, and scale factor evolution.

Behavior of condensate dark matter fraction over time.

Impact of phase transition on early universe dynamics.

Abstract

We consider the FLRW universe in a loop quantum cosmological model filled with the radiation, baryonic matter (with negligible pressure), dark energy and dark matter. The dark matter sector is supposed to be of Bose-Einstein condensate type. The Bose-Einstein condensation process in a cosmological context by supposing it as an approximate first order phase transition, has been already studied in the literature. Here, we study the evolution of the physical quantities related to the early universe description such as the energy density, temperature and scale factor of the universe, before, during and after the condensation process. We also consider in detail the evolution era of the universe in a mixed normal-condensate dark matter phase. The behavior and time evolution of the condensate dark matter fraction is also analyzed.