Theoretical study on nuclear structure by the multiple Coulomb scattering and magnetic scattering of relativistic electrons

TL;DR

This paper uses relativistic electron scattering to analyze nuclear structure, focusing on proton holes in odd-A nuclei, and compares theoretical form factors with experimental data to test nuclear models.

Contribution

It introduces a method to evaluate nuclear quadrupole and magnetic moments using relativistic electron scattering and RMF models for deformed charge densities.

Findings

Proton holes significantly influence nuclear quadrupole and magnetic moments.

Theoretical form factors align well with experimental data.

Electron scattering tests nuclear wave functions and model validity.

Abstract

Electron scattering is an effective method to study the nuclear structure. For the odd-$A$ nuclei with proton holes in the outmost orbits, we investigate the contributions of proton holes to the nuclear quadrupole moments $Q$ and magnetic moments $\mu$ by the multiple Coulomb scattering and magnetic scattering. The deformed nuclear charge densities are constructed by the relativistic mean-field (RMF) models. Comparing the theoretical Coulomb and magnetic form factors with the experimental data, the nuclear quadrupole moments $Q$ and nuclear magnetic moments $\mu$ are investigated. From the electron scattering, the wave functions of the proton holes of odd-$A$ nuclei can be tested, which can also reflect the validity of the nuclear structure model.