The connection between AGN-driven dusty outflows and the surrounding environment

TL;DR

This paper explores how AGN-driven dusty outflows, powered by radiation pressure, can expel dust and gas into the circumgalactic medium, influencing galaxy evolution and the environment.

Contribution

It introduces a model linking dust content to outflow efficiency, explaining dust presence in the CGM and the impact of AGN feedback on surrounding structures.

Findings

Higher dust-to-gas ratios lower the critical luminosity for outflows.

Dusty outflows can reach large radii with varying velocities.

AGN feedback can influence satellite galaxy evolution.

Abstract

Significant reservoirs of cool gas are observed in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) surrounding galaxies. The CGM is also found to contain substantial amounts of metals and dust, which require some transport mechanism. We consider AGN (active galactic nucleus) feedback-driven outflows based on radiation pressure on dust. Dusty gas is ejected when the central luminosity exceeds the effective Eddington luminosity for dust. We obtain that a higher dust-to-gas ratio leads to a lower critical luminosity, implying that the more dusty gas is more easily expelled. Dusty outflows can reach large radii with a range of velocities (depending on the outflowing shell configuration and the ambient density distribution) and may account for the observed CGM gas. In our picture, dust is required in order to drive AGN feedback, and the preferential expulsion of dusty gas in the outflows may naturally explain the presence of dust in the CGM. On the other hand, the most powerful AGN outflow events can potentially drive gas out of the local galaxy group. We further discuss the effects of radiation pressure of the central AGN on satellite galaxies. AGN radiative feedback may therefore have a significant impact on the evolution of the whole surrounding environment.