Fractional-charge vortex in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate

TL;DR

This paper classifies and analyzes fractional-charge vortices in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates, exploring their static and dynamic properties through numerical and variational methods with realistic atomic parameters.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive classification of fractional vortices in spin-1 and spin-2 BECs and studies their static and dynamic behaviors using advanced numerical and variational techniques.

Findings

Classified all fractional charge vortices with charge less than one in spinor BECs.

Analyzed vortex dynamics and density profiles using numerical solutions.

Illustrated results with realistic parameters for $^{23}$Na and $^{87}$Rb atoms.

Abstract

We classify all possible fractional charge vortices of charge less than unity in spin-1 and spin-2 polar and cyclic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with zero magnetization. Statics and dynamics of these vortices in quasi-two-dimensional spinor BECs are studied employing accurate numerical solution and a Lagrange variational approximation. The results for density and collective-mode oscillation are illustrated using fractional-charge BEC vortex of $^{23}$Na and $^{87}$Rb atoms with realistic interaction and trapping potential parameters.