Spectroscopic Survey of G and K Dwarfs in the Hipparcos Catalog. I. Comparison between the Hipparcos and Photometric Parallaxes
Bokyoung Kim, Deokkeun An, John R. Stauffer, Young Sun Lee, Donald M., Terndrup, Jennifer A. Johnson

TL;DR
This study compares Hipparcos parallaxes with photometric distances for G and K dwarfs, finding consistency with Hipparcos and supporting the longer Pleiades distance scale despite previous discrepancies.
Contribution
It provides spectroscopic validation of Hipparcos parallaxes for nearby stars, challenging claims that stellar activity affects distance estimates to the Pleiades.
Findings
Most stars follow empirical color-magnitude relations with Hipparcos data.
A small fraction of stars are marginally sub-luminous, but within error margins.
Youth indicators align with Hipparcos distances, supporting the long Pleiades distance.
Abstract
The tension between the Hipparcos parallax of the Pleiades and other independent distance estimates continues even after the new reduction of the Hipparcos astrometric data and the development of a new geometric distance measurement for the cluster. A short Pleiades distance from the Hipparcos parallax predicts a number of stars in the solar neighborhood that are sub-luminous at a given photospheric abundance. We test this hypothesis using spectroscopic abundances for a subset of stars in the Hipparcos catalog, which occupy the same region as the Pleiades in the color-magnitude diagram. We derive stellar parameters for 170 nearby G and K type field dwarfs in the Hipparcos catalog based on high-resolution spectra obtained using KPNO 4-m echelle spectrograph. Our analysis shows that, when the Hipparcos parallaxes are adopted, most of our sample stars follow empirical color-magnitude…
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