An Evidence of Mass Dependent Differential Kinetic Freeze-out Scenario Observed in Pb-Pb Collisions at 2.76 TeV

TL;DR

This study analyzes Pb-Pb collision data at 2.76 TeV, showing that the kinetic freeze-out temperature depends on particle mass, indicating a mass-dependent differential freeze-out process in high-energy nuclear collisions.

Contribution

It provides experimental evidence for mass-dependent differential kinetic freeze-out, using Tsallis distribution fits to transverse momentum spectra in Pb-Pb collisions.

Findings

Source temperature increases with particle mass.

Effective temperature correlates linearly with particle rest mass.

Supports the existence of multiple kinetic freeze-out scenarios.

Abstract

Transverse momentum spectra of different particles produced in mid-rapidity interval in lead-lead (Pb-Pb) collisions with different centrality intervals, measured by the ALICE Collaboration at center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV, are conformably and approximately described by the Tsallis distribution. The dependences of parameters (effective temperature, entropy index, and normalization factor) on event centrality and particle rest mass are obtained. The source temperature at the kinetic freeze-out is obtained to be the intercept in the linear relation between effective temperature and particle rest mass, while the particle transverse flow velocity is approximately extracted to be the slope in the linear relation between mean transverse momentum and particle rest mass. It is shown that the source temperature increases with increase of particle rest mass, which exhibits an evidence of mass dependent differential kinetic freeze-out scenario or multiple kinetic freeze-out scenario.