High temperature Bose-Einstein condensation

TL;DR

This paper discusses the potential observation of pion Bose-Einstein condensation at the LHC, supported by a non-equilibrium hadronization model that explains various particle spectra and estimates a 5% pion condensate at low transverse momentum.

Contribution

It introduces a non-equilibrium hadronization model predicting pion condensation at the LHC, addressing the proton/pion puzzle and reproducing multiple particle spectra.

Findings

Indicates possible 5% pion condensate at LHC

Model reproduces low p_T enhancement of pion spectra

Supports pion condensation at p_T<250 MeV

Abstract

The indications of a possible pion condensation at the LHC are summarized. The condensation is predicted by the non-equilibrium hadronization model for 2.76 TeV Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC. The model solves the proton/pion puzzle and reproduces the low $p_T$ enhancement of the pion spectra, as well as the spectra of protons and antiprotons, charged kaons, $K^0_S$, $K^*(892)^0$ and $\phi(1020)$. The obtained parameters allow to estimate the amount of pion condensate on the level of 5\% from the total number of pions at the LHC. The condensate is located at $p_T<250$ MeV.