Photon Emission Dynamics of a Two-Level Atom in a Cavity

TL;DR

This paper investigates the photon emission dynamics of a two-level atom in a cavity using the Jaynes-Cummings model, revealing how initial field states influence collapse and revival phenomena in quantum optics.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of photon emission rates with analytical and numerical methods, highlighting differences caused by initial field states within the cavity.

Findings

Photon emission exhibits collapse and revival behavior influenced by initial field states.

Fock state fields cause sinusoidal oscillations in emission rates.

Thermal fields lead to quiescent periods in emission dynamics.

Abstract

The collapse and revival of quantum states appear in diverse areas of physics. In quantum optics the occurrence of such a phenomena in the evolution of an atomic state, interacting with a light field initially in a coherent state, was predicted by using the Jaynes-Cummings model (JCM), and subsequently demonstrated experimentally. In this paper we revisit the JCM with the Monte-Carlo wave function approach and investigate the time evolution of the photon emission rate of the atom in a cavity. Analytical and numerical quantum trajectory calculations show that the cavity and the initial field statistics strongly influence the photon emission dynamics. A coherent field indeed gives rise to a collapse and revival behavior that mirrors atomic state evolution. However, there are differences between the two. The emission rate for a field in a Fock number state exhibits a sinusoidal oscillation, and there exists a quiescent period for a thermal field. These properties are quite different from those in free space. It is also shown that the fluctuation in photon emission is much less than that of the atomic population.