Surface transport in plasma-balls

TL;DR

This paper investigates the surface transport properties of relativistic fluid lumps, deriving new equations and coefficients, and explores their implications for black hole solutions in the context of AdS/CFT correspondence.

Contribution

It introduces a generalized relativistic Young-Laplace equation with temperature-dependent surface tension and identifies new surface transport coefficients in fluid configurations.

Findings

Derived a relativistic generalization of the Young-Laplace equation.

Identified three additional surface transport coefficients in uncharged fluids.

Explored the impact of temperature-dependent surface tension on black hole duals.

Abstract

We study the surface transport properties of stationary localized configurations of relativistic fluids to the first two non-trivial orders in a derivative expansion. By demanding that these finite lumps of relativistic fluid are described by a thermal partition function with arbitrary stationary background metric and gauge fields, we are able to find several constraints among surface transport coefficients. At leading order, besides recovering the surface thermodynamics, we obtain a generalization of the Young-Laplace equation for relativistic fluid surfaces, by considering a temperature dependence in the surface tension, which is further generalized in the context of superfluids. At the next order, for uncharged fluids in 3+1 dimensions, we show that besides the 3 independent bulk transport coefficients previously known, a generic localized configuration is characterized by 3 additional surface transport coefficients, one of which may be identified with the surface modulus of rigidity. Finally, as an application, we study the effect of temperature dependence of surface tension on some explicit examples of localized fluid configurations, which are dual to certain non-trivial black hole solutions via the AdS/CFT correspondence.