In vacuum diamond sensor scanner for beam halo measurements in the beam line at the KEK Accelerator Test Facility

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel in vacuum diamond sensor scanner for beam halo measurements at KEK's ATF2, demonstrating high dynamic range and providing insights into beam halo sources for collider optimization.

Contribution

The paper presents the design, development, and characterization of a new diamond sensor scanner capable of high dynamic range beam halo measurements at low energy colliders.

Findings

Successful demonstration of a dynamic range of ~10^6

First beam halo measurements at ATF2 with different beam conditions

Sensor characterization using alpha source and electron beams

Abstract

The investigation of beam halo transverse distributions is important for the understanding of beam losses and the control of backgrounds in Future Linear Colliders (FLC). A novel in vacuum diamond sensor (DSv) scanner with four strips has been designed and developed for the investigation of the beam halo transverse distributions and also for the diagnostics of Compton recoil electrons after the interaction point (IP) of ATF2, a low energy (1.3 GeV) prototype of the final focus system for the ILC and CLIC linear collider projects. Using the DSv, a dynamic range of $\sim10^6$ has been successfully demonstrated and confirmed for the first time by simultaneous beam core ($\sim10^9$ electrons) and beam halo ($\sim10^3$ electrons) measurements at ATF2. This report presents the characterization, performance studies and tests of the diamond sensors using an $\alpha$ source as well as using the electron beams at PHIL, a low energy ($< 10$ MeV) photo-injector at LAL, and at ATF2. First beam halo measurement results using the DSv at ATF2 with different beam intensities and vacuum levels are also presented. Such measurements not only allow one to evaluate the different sources of beam halo generation but also to define the requirements for a suitable collimation system to be installed at ATF2, as well as to optimize its performance during future operation.