Wavelet-based fast time-resolved magnetic sensing with electronic spins in diamond

TL;DR

This paper introduces a rapid, wavelet-based method for reconstructing time-resolved magnetic fields using nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond, significantly improving speed while maintaining sensitivity, with applications in biological signal detection.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel spin echo and Haar wavelet transform technique that exponentially accelerates magnetic field reconstruction compared to existing methods.

Findings

Reconstruction speed is exponentially improved.

Method maintains comparable sensitivity.

Effective in detecting simulated nerve impulses.

Abstract

Time-resolved magnetic sensing is of great importance from fundamental studies to applications in physical and biological sciences. Recently the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defect center in diamond has been developed as a promising sensor of magnetic field under ambient conditions. However the methods to reconstruct time-resolved magnetic field with high sensitivity are not yet fully developed. Here, we propose and demonstrate a novel sensing method based on spin echo, and Haar wavelet transform. Our method is exponentially faster in reconstructing time-resolved magnetic field with comparable sensitivity over existing methods. Further, the wavelet's unique features enable our method to extract information from the whole signal with only part of the measuring sequences. We then explore this feature for a fast detection of simulated nerve impulses. These results will be useful to time-resolved magnetic sensing with quantum probes at nano-scales.