Optical vortex array in spatially varying lattice

TL;DR

This paper introduces an experimental technique to generate and control optical vortex arrays with spatially varying lattices using phase masks and spatial light modulators, enabling advanced manipulation of light fields.

Contribution

The authors develop a novel method combining numerical phase mask synthesis and experimental implementation to independently control vortex lattice orientation and period.

Findings

Successfully demonstrated various spatially variant optical vortex lattices.

Confirmed optical vortices through fork fringe formation.

Potential applications in trapping, sorting, and photonic crystals.

Abstract

We present an experimental method based on a modified multiple beam interference approach to generate an optical vortex array arranged in a spatially varying lattice. This method involves two steps which are: numerical synthesis of a consistent phase mask by using two-dimensional integrated phase gradient calculations and experimental implementation of produced phase mask by utilizing a phase only spatial light modulator in an optical 4f Fourier filtering setup. This method enables an independent variation of the orientation and period of the vortex lattice. As working examples, we provide the experimental demonstration of various spatially variant optical vortex lattices. We further confirm the existence of optical vortices by formation of fork fringes. Such lattices may find applications in size dependent trapping, sorting, manipulation and photonic crystals.