OFDM Channel Estimation via Phase Retrieval

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel OFDM channel estimation method that uses phase retrieval to eliminate the need for known pilot phases, enabling more efficient use of pilot resources and additional data transmission.

Contribution

It proposes a new phaseless pilot scheme for OFDM that allows phase information to be recovered from amplitude measurements, enhancing resource efficiency and data capacity.

Findings

Successful phase retrieval from amplitude-only measurements.

Potential for increased data transmission using recovered phase information.

Improved resource utilization in OFDM systems.

Abstract

Pilot-aided channel estimation is nowadays a standard component in each wireless receiver enabling coherent transmission of complex-valued constellations, only affected by noise and interference. Whenever these disturbances are sufficiently small and long data frames are used, high data rates can be achieved and the resource overhead due to the pilots vanishes asymptotically. On the other, it is expected that for the next generation of mobile networks not only data rate is in the main focus but also low latency, short and sporadic messages, massive connectivity, distributed & adhoc processing and robustness with respect to asynchronism. Therefore a review of several well-established principles in communication has been started already. A particular implication when using complex-valued pilots is that these values have to be known at the receiver and therefore these resources can not be used simultaneously for user data. For an OFDM-like multicarrier scheme this means that pilot tones (usually placed equidistantly according to the Nyquist theorem) are allocated with globally known amplitudes and phases to reconstruct the channel impulse response. Phases are designed and allocated globally which is in contrast to a distributed infrastructure. In this work we present therefore a new phaseless pilot scheme where only pilot amplitudes need to be known at the receiver, i.e., phases are available again and can be used for various other purposes. The idea is based on a phase retrieval result for symmetrized and zero-padded magnitude Fourier measurements obtained by two of the authors. The phases on the pilot tones can now be used to carry additional user-specific data or compensate for other signal characteristics, like the PAPR.