Self-homodyne measurement of a dynamic Mollow triplet in the solid state

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a novel interferometric technique to observe the dynamic Mollow triplet in solid-state CQED systems, revealing quantum effects at high excitation powers for potential quantum device applications.

Contribution

It introduces a self-homodyning method that leverages cavity mode structure to detect quantum phenomena in solid-state CQED systems at large excitation powers.

Findings

Successful observation of the dynamic Mollow triplet in a solid-state system.

Enhanced quantum state detection using self-homodyning interferometry.

Potential for on-chip quantum state generation applications.

Abstract

The study of light-matter interaction at the quantum scale has been enabled by the cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED) architecture, in which a quantum two-level system strongly couples to a single cavity mode. Originally implemented with atoms in optical cavities, CQED effects are now also observed with artificial atoms in solid-state environments. Such realizations of these systems exhibit fast dynamics, which makes them attractive candidates for devices including modulators and sources in high-throughput communications. However, these systems possess large photon out-coupling rates that obscure any quantum behavior at large excitation powers. Here, we have utilised a self-homodyning interferometric technique that fully employs the complex mode structure of our nanofabricated cavity to observe a quantum phenomenon known as the dynamic Mollow triplet. We expect this interference to facilitate the development of arbitrary on-chip quantum state generators, thereby strongly influencing quantum lithography, metrology, and imaging.