Freely configurable quantum simulator based on a two-dimensional array of individually trapped ions

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a scalable, configurable two-dimensional ion trap array capable of simulating complex quantum systems, providing a versatile platform for analog quantum simulation of 2D models.

Contribution

It introduces a novel, scalable ion trap array with individual control, enabling customizable quantum simulations of two-dimensional systems.

Findings

Successfully trapped and controlled ions in a 2D array with adjustable couplings.

Prepared initial quantum states close to the ground state.

Demonstrated tunable interactions between ions.

Abstract

A custom-built and precisely controlled quantum system may offer access to a fundamental understanding of another, less accessible system of interest. A universal quantum computer is currently out of reach, but an analog quantum simulator that makes the relevant observables, interactions, and states of a quantum model accessible could permit experimental insight into complex quantum dynamics that are intractable on conventional computers. Several platforms have been suggested and proof-of-principle experiments have been conducted. Here we characterise two-dimensional arrays of three ions trapped by radio-frequency fields in individually controlled harmonic wells forming equilateral triangles with side lengths 40 and 80 micrometer. In our approach, which is scalable to arbitrary two dimensional lattices, we demonstrate individual control of the electronic and motional degrees of freedom, preparation of a fiducial initial state with ion motion close to the ground state, as well as tuning of crucial couplings between ions within experimental sequences. Our work paves the way towards an analog quantum simulator of two-dimensional systems designed at will.