Gravitationally induced adiabatic particle production: From Big Bang to de Sitter

TL;DR

This paper explores a universe model driven by gravitationally induced adiabatic particle production, showing it begins with a big bang and evolves into a late-time de Sitter phase, with implications for thermodynamics and Loop Quantum Cosmology.

Contribution

It introduces a novel analysis of adiabatic particle production in cosmology, including its effects within Loop Quantum Cosmology, and provides a dynamical and thermodynamic perspective.

Findings

Universe starts with a big bang singularity

Evolves into a late-time de Sitter phase

Achieves thermodynamic equilibrium in the de Sitter phase

Abstract

In the background of a flat homogeneous and isotropic space-time, we consider a scenario of the universe driven by the gravitationally induced `adiabatic' particle production with constant creation rate. We have shown that this universe attains a big bang singularity in the past and at late-time it asymptotically becomes de Sitter. To clarify this model universe, we perform a dynamical analysis and found that the universe attains a thermodynamic equilibrium in this late de Sitter phase. Finally, for the first time, we have discussed the possible effects of `adiabatic' particle creations in the context of Loop Quantum Cosmology.