Solutions to the Painlev\'e V equation through supersymmetric quantum mechanics

TL;DR

This paper employs supersymmetric quantum mechanics to derive solutions to the Painlevé V equation, linking algebraic structures to special function solutions and classifying them into hierarchies.

Contribution

It introduces a novel algebraic approach using SUSY QM and polynomial Heisenberg algebras to generate and classify Painlevé V solutions.

Findings

Solutions expressed in confluent hypergeometric functions

Connection between SUSY QM and Painlevé V solutions

Classification of solutions into hierarchies

Abstract

In this paper we shall use the algebraic method known as supersymmetric quantum mechanics (SUSY QM) to obtain solutions to the Painlev\'e V (PV) equation, a second-order non-linear ordinary differential equation. For this purpose, we will apply first the SUSY QM treatment to the radial oscillator. In addition, we will revisit the polynomial Heisenberg algebras (PHAs) and we will study the general systems ruled by them: for first-order PHAs we obtain the radial oscillator, while for third-order PHAs the potential will be determined by solutions to the PV equation. This connection allows us to introduce a simple technique for generating solutions of the PV equation expressed in terms of confluent hypergeometric functions. Finally, we will classify them into several solution hierarchies.