Survey of non-linear hydrodynamic models of type-II Cepheids

TL;DR

This survey reviews non-linear hydrodynamic models of type-II Cepheids, revealing complex pulsation behaviors, resonance effects, and mode interactions across different stellar parameters and metallicities.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive grid of models covering various metallicities and masses, identifying new pulsation domains, resonance phenomena, and mode interactions in type-II Cepheids.

Findings

Identification of two pulsation domains with period doubling.

Detection of narrow modulation domains (~10 K wide).

Observation of double-mode pulsation involving the fourth overtone.

Abstract

We present a grid on non-linear convective type-II Cepheid models. The dense model grids are computed for 0.6M_Sun and a range of metallicities ([Fe/H]=-2.0,-1.5,-1.0), and for 0.8M_Sun ([Fe/H]=-1.5). Two sets of convective parameters are considered. The models cover the full temperature extent of the classical instability strip, but are limited in luminosity; for the most luminous models violent pulsation leads to the decoupling of the outermost model shell. Hence, our survey reaches only the shortest period RV Tau domain. In the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram we detect two domains in which period doubled pulsation is possible. The first extends through the BL Her domain and low luminosity W Vir domain (pulsation periods ~2-6.5 d). The second domain extends at higher luminosities (W Vir domain; periods >9.5d). Some models within these domains display period-4 pulsation. We also detect very narrow domains (~10 K wide) in which modulation of pulsation is possible. Another interesting phenomenon we detect is double-mode pulsation in the fundamental mode and in the fourth radial overtone. Fourth overtone is a surface mode, trapped in the outer model layers. Single-mode pulsation in the fourth overtone is also possible on the hot side of the classical instability strip. The origin of the above phenomena is discussed. In particular, the role of resonances in driving different pulsation dynamics as well as in shaping the morphology of the radius variation curves is analysed.