Infomap Bioregions: Interactive mapping of biogeographical regions from species distributions

TL;DR

Infomap Bioregions is an interactive web tool that maps biogeographical regions from species distribution data, using a novel adaptive resolution method to handle incomplete data and support conservation and evolutionary research.

Contribution

The paper introduces Infomap Bioregions, a user-friendly web application that efficiently generates bioregion maps from various species distribution datasets using network theory.

Findings

Successfully processed large amphibian and mammal datasets

Achieved good alignment with WWF ecoregions

Demonstrated utility in conservation and biogeography

Abstract

Biogeographical regions (bioregions) reveal how different sets of species are spatially grouped and therefore are important units for conservation, historical biogeography, ecology and evolution. Several methods have been developed to identify bioregions based on species distribution data rather than expert opinion. One approach successfully applies network theory to simplify and highlight the underlying structure in species distributions. However, this method lacks tools for simple and efficient analysis. Here we present Infomap Bioregions, an interactive web application that inputs species distribution data and generates bioregion maps. Species distributions may be provided as georeferenced point occurrences or range maps, and can be of local, regional or global scale. The application uses a novel adaptive resolution method to make best use of often incomplete species distribution data. The results can be downloaded as vector graphics, shapefiles or in table format. We validate the tool by processing large datasets of publicly available species distribution data of the world's amphibians using species ranges, and mammals using point occurrences. We then calculate the fit between the inferred bioregions and WWF ecoregions. As examples of applications, researchers can reconstruct ancestral ranges in historical biogeography or identify indicator species for targeted conservation.