A supernova scenario for magnetic fields and rotation measures in galaxies

TL;DR

This paper proposes a model where supernovae seed and amplify magnetic fields in galaxies, explaining observed microGauss fields and rotation measures through cosmological simulations of galaxy formation.

Contribution

It introduces a novel supernova-based seeding and amplification model for galactic magnetic fields integrated into cosmological MHD simulations.

Findings

Magnetic fields reach microGauss levels within galaxies.

Rotation measures exceed 1000 rad/m^2 at high redshifts.

Simulated RM values align with observational data.

Abstract

We present a model for the seeding and evolution of magnetic fields in galaxies by supernovae (SN). SN explosions during galaxy assembly provide seed fields, which are subsequently amplified by compression, shear flows and random motions. Our model explains the origin of microG magnetic fields within galactic structures. We implement our model in the MHD version of the cosmological simulation code Gadget-3 and couple it with a multi-phase description of the interstellar medium. We perform simulations of Milky Way-like galactic halo formation and analyze the distribution and strength of the magnetic field. We investigate the intrinsic rotation measure (RM) evolution and find RM values exceeding 1000 rad/m*m at high redshifts and RM values around 10 rad/m*m at present-day. We compare our simulations to a limited set of observational data points and find encouraging similarities. In our model, galactic magnetic fields are a natural consequence of the very basic processes of star formation and galaxy assembly.