A Universal Closed Form For Square Matrix Powers

TL;DR

This paper introduces a simple, universal closed-form expression for calculating powers of any square matrix, filling a gap in existing mathematical literature.

Contribution

It provides a novel, universal closed-form formula for matrix powers that appears to be previously unknown.

Findings

The formula applies to all square matrices.

It simplifies computation of matrix powers.

No prior known closed form matches this generality.

Abstract

This note presents a simple, universal closed form for the powers of any square matrix. A diligent search of the internet gave no indication that the form is known.