Engineering quantum magnetism in one-dimensional trapped Fermi gases with p-wave interactions

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates how to engineer quantum magnetic orders such as Neel-antiferromagnetism and ferromagnetism in one-dimensional trapped Fermi gases using p-wave interactions, providing a new platform for quantum simulation.

Contribution

It introduces a method to realize magnetic orders in 1D Fermi gases through p-wave interactions, linking them to effective Heisenberg spin chains.

Findings

Achieves magnetic orders in 1D Fermi gases with p-wave interactions.

Shows ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic ground states depending on p-wave interaction sign.

Proposes experimental realization with $^{40}$K atoms near Feshbach resonances.

Abstract

The highly controllable ultracold atoms in a one-dimensional (1D) trap provide a new platform for the ultimate simulation of quantum magnetism. In this regard, the Neel-antiferromagnetism and the itinerant ferromagnetism are of central importance and great interest. Here we show that these magnetic orders can be achieved in the strongly interacting spin-1/2 trapped Fermi gases with additional p-wave interactions. In this strong coupling limit, the 1D trapped Fermi gas exhibit an effective Heisenberg spin XXZ chain in the anisotropic p-wave scattering channels. For a particular p-wave attraction or repulsion within the same species of fermionic atoms, the system displays ferromagnetic domains with full spin segregation or the anti-ferromagnetic spin configuration in the ground state. Such engineered magnetisms are likely to be probed in a quasi-1D trapped Fermi gas of $^{40}$ K atoms with very close s-wave and p-wave Feshbach resonances.