Quark-hadron phase transition in massive gravity

TL;DR

This paper investigates how massive gravity modifies early universe cosmology, leading to a quark-hadron phase transition occurring around 10 microseconds after the Big Bang, through numerical analysis of the altered FRW equations.

Contribution

It introduces a framework for analyzing the quark-hadron transition within massive gravity, highlighting the impact of modified cosmological equations on early universe phase transitions.

Findings

Massive gravity alters the FRW equations.

The quark-hadron transition occurs at about 10 microseconds after the Big Bang.

Numerical analysis supports the occurrence of the phase transition in this framework.

Abstract

We study the quark hadron phase transition in the framework of massive gravity. We show that the modification of the FRW cosmological equations leads to the quark hadron phase transition in the early massive Universe. Using numerical analysis, we consider that a phase transition based on the chiral symmetry breaking after the electroweak transition, occurred at approximately $10 \mu$ seconds after the Big Bang to convert a plasma of free quarks and gluons into hadrons.