Bounded orbits for photons as a consequence of extra dimensions

TL;DR

This paper investigates how extra dimensions influence photon trajectories, revealing that they enable bounded orbits like planetary and stable circular paths not seen in standard four-dimensional geometries.

Contribution

It demonstrates that extra dimensions can produce bounded photon orbits in a spherically symmetric spacetime, a novel insight into higher-dimensional gravitational effects.

Findings

Extra dimensions enable bounded photon orbits.

Existence of stable circular photon orbits.

Potential observational implications for higher-dimensional theories.

Abstract

In this work, we study the geodesic structure for a geometry described by a spherically symmetric four-dimensional solution embedded in a five-dimensional space known as a brane-based spherically symmetric solution. Mainly, we have found that the extra dimension contributes to the existence of bounded orbits for the photons, such as planetary and circular stable orbits that have not been observed for other geometries.