Distributed Energy Beamforming with One-Bit Feedback

TL;DR

This paper introduces a practical distributed energy beamforming method using one-bit feedback, enabling multiple transmitters to collaboratively optimize RF energy transfer without requiring full channel information.

Contribution

It proposes a novel iterative channel training scheme with one-bit feedback for distributed energy beamforming, improving practicality and convergence speed.

Findings

The algorithm converges quickly with increasing feedback intervals.

It outperforms existing distributed beamforming methods.

The method is scalable to many transmitters.

Abstract

Energy beamforming (EB) is a key technique for achieving efficient radio-frequency (RF) transmission enabled wireless energy transfer (WET). By optimally designing the waveforms from multiple energy transmitters (ETs) over the wireless channels, they are constructively combined at the energy receiver (ER) to achieve an EB gain that scales with the number of ETs. However, the optimal design of transmit waveforms requires accurate channel state information (CSI) at the ETs, which is challenging to obtain in practical WET systems. In this paper, we propose a new channel training scheme to achieve optimal EB gain in a distributed WET system, where multiple separated ETs adjust their transmit phases to collaboratively send power to a single ER in an iterative manner, based on one-bit feedback from the ER per training interval which indicates the increase/decrease of the received power level from one particular ET over two preassigned transmit phases. The proposed EB algorithm can be efficiently implemented in practical WET systems even with a large number of distributed ETs, and is analytically shown to converge quickly to the optimal EB design as the number of feedback intervals per ET increases. Numerical results are provided to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm as compared to other distributed EB designs.