Lifetimes of ultra-long-range strontium Rydberg molecules

TL;DR

This study measures the lifetimes of ultralong-range strontium Rydberg molecules, revealing they are similar to Rydberg atoms due to the absence of a p-wave resonance, unlike rubidium molecules.

Contribution

It provides the first lifetime measurements of strontium Rydberg molecules and highlights differences from rubidium due to scattering resonance effects.

Findings

Lifetimes of strontium Rydberg molecules are similar to parent Rydberg atoms.

Absence of p-wave resonance in strontium affects molecular lifetimes.

Results have implications for quantum gas experiments and molecular theory testing.

Abstract

The lifetimes of the lower-lying vibrational states of ultralong-range strontium Rydberg molecules comprising one ground-state 5s2 1S0 atom and one Rydberg atom in the 5s38s 3S1 state are reported. The molecules are created in an ultracold gas held in an optical dipole trap and their numbers determined using field ionization, the product electrons being detected by a microchannel plate. The measurements show that, in marked contrast to earlier measurements involving rubidium Rydberg molecules, the lifetimes of the low-lying molecular vibrational states are very similar to those of the parent Rydberg atoms. This results because the strong p-wave resonance in low-energy electronrubidium scattering, which plays an important role in determining the molecular lifetimes, is not present for strontium. The absence of this resonance offers advantages for experiments involving strontium Rydberg atoms as impurities in quantum gases and for testing theories of molecular formation and decay.