The enumeration of generalized Tamari intervals

TL;DR

This paper generalizes the enumeration of Tamari lattice intervals to all grid paths, revealing a formula linked to planar maps and providing a bijection to non-separable planar maps.

Contribution

It extends the enumeration of Tamari intervals to generalized settings and establishes a bijection to non-separable planar maps, connecting combinatorial structures.

Findings

Enumeration formula matches Tutte's for planar maps

Explicit bijection to non-separable planar maps

Generalizes Tamari lattice interval enumeration

Abstract

Let $v$ be a grid path made of north and east steps. The lattice $\rm{T{\scriptsize AM}}(v)$, based on all grid paths weakly above $v$ and sharing the same endpoints as $v$, was introduced by Pr\'eville-Ratelle and Viennot (2014) and corresponds to the usual Tamari lattice in the case $v=(NE)^n$. Our main contribution is that the enumeration of intervals in $\rm{T{\scriptsize AM}}(v)$, over all $v$ of length $n$, is given by $\frac{2 (3n+3)!}{(n+2)! (2n+3)!}$. This formula was first obtained by Tutte(1963) for the enumeration of non-separable planar maps. Moreover, we give an explicit bijection from these intervals in $\rm{T{\scriptsize AM}}(v)$ to non-separable planar maps.