Quantum decay of the persistent current in a Josephson junction ring

TL;DR

This paper investigates how quantum phase slips affect the persistent current in a Josephson junction ring, revealing temperature-dependent decay mechanisms and flux-dependent behaviors through numerical and analytical methods.

Contribution

It provides a detailed numerical analysis of quantum decay of persistent current in Josephson junction rings, connecting it with spin system models and phase slip phenomena.

Findings

Persistent current remains stable at low temperatures.

Quantum phase slips cause decay at higher temperatures.

Behavior varies with magnetic flux and number of islands.

Abstract

We study the persistent current in a ring consisting of N >> 1 Josephson junctions threaded by the magnetic flux. When the dynamics of the ring is dominated by the capacitances of the superconducting islands the system is equivalent to the xy spin system in 1+1 dimensions at the effective temperature T*=(2JU)^(1/2), with J being the Josephson energy of the junction and U being the charging energy of the superconducting island. The numerical problem is challenging due to the absence of thermodynamic limit and slow dynamics of the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. It is investigated on lattices containing up to one million sites. At T << J the quantum phase slips are frozen. The low-T* dependence of the persistent current computed numerically agrees quantitatively with the analytical formula provided by the spin-wave approximation. The high- T* behavior depends strongly on the magnetic flux and on the number of superconducting islands N. Depending on the flux, the persistent current gets destroyed by the phase slips and/or by the superconductor-insulator transition on increasing T*.