Computing Quot schemes via marked bases over quasi-stable modules

TL;DR

This paper introduces a method using marked bases over quasi-stable modules to explicitly construct and analyze Quot schemes, providing new proofs and computational tools for their structure and equations.

Contribution

It develops a novel approach to constructing Quot schemes via marked bases, proving their scheme structure and deriving equations as subschemes of Grassmannians.

Findings

Explicit construction of open covers of Quot schemes as affine schemes.

Proof that Quot functor is representable by a scheme.

Procedure to compute equations defining Quot schemes as Grassmannian subschemes.

Abstract

Let $ \Bbbk$ be a field of arbitrary characteristic, $A$ a Noetherian $ \Bbbk$-algebra and consider the polynomial ring $A[\mathbf x]=A[x_0,\dots,x_n]$. We consider homogeneous submodules of $A[\mathbf x]^m$ having a special set of generators: a marked basis over a quasi-stable module. Such a marked basis inherits several good properties of a Gr\"obner basis, including a Noetherian reduction relation. The set of submodules of $A[\mathbf x]^m$ having a marked basis over a given quasi-stable module has an affine scheme structure that we are able to exhibit. Furthermore, the syzygies of a module generated by such a marked basis are generated by a marked basis, too (over a suitable quasi-stable module in $\oplus^{m'}_{i=1} A[\mathbf x](-d_i)$). We apply the construction of marked bases and related properties to the investigation of Quot functors (and schemes). More precisely, for a given Hilbert polynomial, we can explicitely construct (up to the action of a general linear group) an open cover of the corresponding Quot functor made up of open functors represented by affine schemes. This gives a new proof that the Quot functor is the functor of points of a scheme. We also exhibit a procedure to obtain the equations defining a given Quot scheme as a subscheme of a suitable Grassmannian. Thanks to the good behaviour of marked bases with respect to Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity, we can adapt our methods in order to study the locus of the Quot scheme given by an upper bound on the regularity of its points.