$f$-extremal domains in hyperbolic space

TL;DR

This paper investigates the geometric and topological properties of unbounded domains in hyperbolic space that support solutions to overdetermined elliptic problems, establishing symmetry results and characterizing specific domain types in dimension two.

Contribution

It extends symmetry and classification results for overdetermined elliptic problems to hyperbolic spaces, especially in two dimensions, under certain boundary and asymptotic conditions.

Findings

Symmetry of boundary at infinity implies symmetry of the domain.

Domains supporting solutions are either geodesic balls, horodisks, or half-spaces.

Solutions are invariant under isometries fixing the domain.

Abstract

In this paper we study the geometry and the topology of unbounded domains in the Hyperbolic Space $\mathbb{H} ^n$ supporting a bounded positive solution to an overdetermined elliptic problem. Under suitable conditions on the elliptic problem and the behaviour of the bounded solution at infinity, we are able to show that symmetries of the boundary at infinity imply symmetries on the domain itself. In dimension two, we can strengthen our results proving that a connected domain $\Omega \subset \mathbb{H} ^2$ with $C^2$ boundary whose complement is connected and supports a bounded positive solution $u$ to an overdetermined problem, assuming natural conditions on the equation and the behaviour at infinity of the solution, must be either a geodesic ball or, a horodisk or, a half-space determined by a complete equidistant curve or, the complement of any of the above example. Moreover, in each case, the solution $u$ is invariant by the isometries fixing $\Omega$.