Energy flow structuring in the focused field

TL;DR

This paper introduces an iterative optimization method to precisely control energy flow, polarization, and phase in the focal region of light, enabling independent tailoring of spin and orbital components for advanced optical applications.

Contribution

It presents a novel iterative approach using diffraction calculations to independently design and control energy flow, polarization, and phase in the focal volume.

Findings

Successful demonstration of tailored energy flow in the focal region.

Measurement of Stokes parameters confirms control over polarization.

Method enables independent manipulation of spin and orbital energy components.

Abstract

We propose an iterative method of energy flow shaping in the focal region with the amplitude, phase and polarization modulation of incident light. By using an iterative optimization based on the diffraction calculation with help of the fast Fourier transform, we can tailor the polarization and phase structure in the focal plane. By appropriate design of the polarization and phase gradients, arbitrary energy flow including spin and orbital parts can be designed and tailored independently. The capability of energy flow structuring is demonstrated by the measurement of the Stokes parameters and self-interference pattern. This provides a novel method to control the vectorial feature of the focal volume.