Constraints on mass dimension one fermionic dark matter from the Yukawa interaction

TL;DR

This paper investigates the quantum corrections of mass dimension one fermionic dark matter with Yukawa interactions, revealing Lorentz-violating effects and unitarity constraints on particle masses within the Standard Model framework.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed analysis of loop corrections and Lorentz-violating terms for this dark matter candidate, establishing mass bounds and implications for the Standard Model.

Findings

Lorentz-violating term in scalar propagator

Fermionic self-energy is Lorentz-invariant

Fermion mass must be at least half of the scalar mass

Abstract

We study the loop corrections to the scalar propagator and the fermionic self-energy for the mass dimension one fermionic dark matter with the Yukawa interaction. We find, in the former case, there is a non-vanishing Lorentz-violating term while the later is Lorentz-invariant. Our study of the fermionic loop correction shows that unitarity demands the fermionic mass must be at least half of the bosonic mass and that the Lorentz-violating term makes a non-trivial correction to the bosonic propagator. We discuss what these results mean in the context of the Standard Model and the possibility of bypassing the unitarity constraint. In the simplest scenario, within the framework of standard quantum field theory, by identifying the scalar boson to be the Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV, the mass of the fermion must be at least 62.5 GeV.