Detection of supernova neutrinos at spallation neutron sources

TL;DR

This paper analyzes how supernova neutrinos can be detected at spallation neutron sources, considering various physical effects and calculating expected event numbers for different neutrino flavors and reaction channels.

Contribution

It provides a detailed numerical method for supernova neutrino detection at spallation neutron sources, including calculations for multiple sources and reaction channels.

Findings

Event number estimates for supernova neutrinos at China SNS.

Comparison of detection using Fermi-Dirac and beta fit spectra.

Application of detection method to other spallation sources.

Abstract

After considering the supernova shock effects, the Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein effects, the neutrino collective effects, and the Earth matter effects, the detection of supernova neutrinos at China Spallation Neutron Sources is studied and the event numbers of different flavor supernova neutrinos observed through various reaction channels are calculated with the neutrino energy spectra described by the Fermi-Dirac distribution and "beta fit" distribution respectively. Furthermore, the numerical calculation method of supernova neutrino detection on the Earth is applied to some other spallation neutron sources, and the total event numbers of supernova neutrinos observed through different reactions channels are given.