A parametrix for quantum gravity?

TL;DR

This paper explores the potential of using parametrices, approximate inverses of wave operators, to develop a framework for canonical quantum gravity, building from linear to nonlinear Einstein equations.

Contribution

It proposes a novel approach to quantum gravity using parametrices for wave operators, extending from scalar to Einstein equations, and analyzes their properties for quantization.

Findings

Constructed parametrices for scalar and tensor wave equations in curved spacetime.

Linked parametrix techniques to solutions of Einstein's equations via Kirchhoff-type formulas.

Derived functional equations for parametrices relevant to classical and quantum Jacobi identities.

Abstract

In the sixties, DeWitt discovered that the advanced and retarded Green functions of the wave operator on metric perturbations in the de Donder gauge make it possible to define classical Poisson brackets on the space of functionals that are invariant under the action of the full diffeomorphism group of spacetime. He therefore tried to exploit this property to define invariant commutators for the quantized gravitational field, but the operator counterpart of such classical Poisson brackets turned out to be a hard task. On the other hand, the mathematical literature studies often an approximate inverse, the parametrix, which is, strictly, a distribution. We here suggest that such a construction might be exploited in canonical quantum gravity. We begin with the simplest case, i.e. fundamental solution and parametrix for the linear, scalar wave operator; the next step are tensor wave equations, again for linear theory, e.g. Maxwell theory in curved spacetime. Last, the nonlinear Einstein equations are studied, relying upon the well-established Choquet-Bruhat construction, according to which the fifth derivatives of solutions of a nonlinear hyperbolic system solve a linear hyperbolic system. The latter is solved by means of Kirchhoff-type formulas, while the former fifth-order equations can be solved by means of well-established parametrix techniques for elliptic operators. But then the metric components that solve the vacuum Einstein equations can be obtained by convolution of such a parametrix with Kirchhoff-type formulas. Some basic functional equations for the parametrix are also obtained, that help in studying classical and quantum version of the Jacobi identity.