Type IIn supernovae as sources of high energy astrophysical neutrinos

TL;DR

This paper proposes that high-energy neutrinos detected by IceCube can originate from protons accelerated in Type IIn supernova remnants, with detailed modeling of neutrino production and potential source associations.

Contribution

It introduces a model linking Type IIn supernovae to high-energy neutrino production, including detailed spectral calculations and source association analysis.

Findings

Neutrino spectra from individual Type IIn supernovae are calculated.

The diffuse neutrino background from Type IIn supernovae is estimated.

A potential spatial association between an IceCube neutrino and a Type IIn supernova is identified.

Abstract

It is shown that high-energy astrophysical neutrinos observed in the IceCube experiment can be produced by protons accelerated in extragalactic Type IIn supernova remnants by shocks propagating in the dense circumstellar medium. The nonlinear diffusive shock acceleration model is used for description of particle acceleration. We calculate the neutrino spectrum produced by an individual Type IIn supernova and the spectrum of neutrino background produced by IIn supernovae in the expanding Universe. We also found that the arrival direction of one Icecube neutrino candidate (track event 47) is at 1.35$^{\circ }$ from Type IIn supernova 2005bx.