Growth and Containment of a Hierarchical Criminal Network

TL;DR

This paper models the growth and law enforcement strategies for dismantling hierarchical criminal networks, analyzing how early intervention can be most effective and the costs involved in eradication.

Contribution

It introduces a novel hierarchical network model with recruitment and pursuit processes, providing insights into optimal law enforcement strategies for dark network disruption.

Findings

Early intervention reduces eradication costs.

Eradication becomes more costly as network size increases.

Different pursuit strategies vary in effectiveness and cost.

Abstract

We model the hierarchical evolution of an organized criminal network via antagonistic recruitment and pursuit processes. Within the recruitment phase, a criminal kingpin enlists new members into the network, who in turn seek out other affiliates. New recruits are linked to established criminals according to a probability distribution that depends on the current network structure. At the same time, law enforcement agents attempt to dismantle the growing organization using pursuit strategies that initiate on the lower level nodes and that unfold as self-avoiding random walks. The global details of the organization are unknown to law enforcement, who must explore the hierarchy node by node. We halt the pursuit when certain local criteria of the network are uncovered, encoding if and when an arrest is made; the criminal network is assumed to be eradicated if the kingpin is arrested. We first analyze recruitment and study the large scale properties of the growing network; later we add pursuit and use numerical simulations to study the eradication probability in the case of three pursuit strategies, the time to first eradication and related costs. Within the context of this model, we find that eradication becomes increasingly costly as the network increases in size and that the optimal way of arresting the kingpin is to intervene at the early stages of network formation. We discuss our results in the context of dark network disruption and their implications on possible law enforcement strategies.