Isobaric yield ratio difference between the 140 $A$ MeV $^{58, 64}$Ni + $^{9}$Be reactions studied by antisymmetric molecular dynamics model

TL;DR

This study uses antisymmetric molecular dynamics and decay models to analyze isobaric yield ratio differences in Ni + Be reactions, revealing sensitivity to nuclear density and collision centrality effects.

Contribution

It demonstrates that the AMD + GEMINI model effectively reproduces experimental IBD results and highlights the influence of collision centrality and decay processes on IBD.

Findings

IBD is sensitive to nuclear density differences.

Central collisions mainly determine IBD for certain isotopes.

Sequential decay impacts IBD results.

Abstract

\item[Background] The isobaric yield ratio difference (IBD) method is found to be sensitive to the density difference of neutron-rich nucleus induced reaction around the Fermi energy. \item[Purpose] An investigation is performed to study the IBD results in the transport model. \item[Methods] The antisymmetric molecular dynamics (AMD) model plus the sequential decay model GEMINI are adopted to simulate the 140$A$ MeV $^{58, 64}$Ni + $^{9}$Be reactions. A relative small coalescence radius R$_c =$ 2.5 fm is used for the phase space at $t =$ 500 fm/c to form the hot fragment. Two limitations on the impact parameter ($b1 = 0 - 2$ fm and $b2 = 0 - 9$ fm) are used to study the effect of central collisions in IBD. \item[Results] The isobaric yield ratios (IYRs) for the large--$A$ fragments are found to be suppressed in the symmetric reaction. The IBD results for fragments with neutron-excess $I = $ 0 and 1 are obtained. A small difference is found in the IBDs with the $b1$ and $b2$ limitations in the AMD simulated reactions. The IBD with $b1$ and $b2$ are quite similar in the AMD + GEMINI simulated reactions. \item[Conclusions] The IBDs for the $I =$ 0 and 1 chains are mainly determined by the central collisions, which reflects the nuclear density in the core region of the reaction system. The increasing part of the IBD distribution is found due to the difference between the densities in the peripheral collisions of the reactions. The sequential decay process influences the IBD results. The AMD + GEMINI simulation can better reproduce the experimental IBDs than the AMD simulation.