Exchanging Goods Using Valuable Money

TL;DR

This paper proposes a system for using tokens as money in multi-period exchanges, ensuring positive value and efficient trade despite traditional disadvantages of goods or fiat money, through a central authority and purchase tax.

Contribution

It introduces a novel mechanism that controls money flow via a purchase tax, maintaining positive value and efficiency in multi-period exchanges, overcoming issues with goods and fiat money.

Findings

Tokens can be used as money with positive value.

The system introduces trading frictions and wealth redistribution.

Price distortions can be minimized.

Abstract

A group of people wishes to use money to exchange goods efficiently over several time periods. However, there are disadvantages to using any of the goods as money, and in addition fiat money issued in the form of notes or coins will be valueless in the final time period, and hence in all earlier periods. Also, Walrasian market prices are determined only up to an arbitrary rescaling. Nevertheless we show that it is possible to devise a system which uses money to exchange goods and in which money has a determinate positive value. In this system, tokens are initially supplied to all traders by a central authority and recovered by a purchase tax. All trades must be made using tokens or promissory notes for tokens. This mechanism controls the flow rather than the stock of money: it introduces some trading frictions, some redistribution of wealth, and some distortion of prices, but these effects can all be made small.