Real Gromov-Witten Theory in All Genera and Real Enumerative Geometry: Computation

TL;DR

This paper develops a comprehensive framework for real Gromov-Witten invariants across all genera, providing explicit computations, orientation analysis, and confirming theoretical predictions in real enumerative geometry.

Contribution

It constructs real positive-genus Gromov-Witten invariants, analyzes orientations on moduli spaces, and computes invariants for complete intersections, advancing the understanding of real enumerative geometry.

Findings

Real genus 1 Gromov-Witten invariants are signed counts of real genus 1 curves.

Explicit localization data for projective spaces and complete intersections.

Confirmation of Walcher's predictions on invariant vanishing and localization contributions.

Abstract

The first part of this work constructs real positive-genus Gromov-Witten invariants of real-orientable symplectic manifolds of odd "complex" dimensions; the second part studies the orientations on the moduli spaces of real maps used in constructing these invariants. The present paper applies the results of the latter to obtain quantitative and qualitative conclusions about the invariants defined in the former. After describing large collections of real-orientable symplectic manifolds, we show that the real genus 1 Gromov-Witten invariants of sufficiently positive almost Kahler threefolds are signed counts of real genus 1 curves only and thus provide direct lower bounds for the counts of these curves in such targets. We specify real orientations on the real-orientable complete intersections in projective spaces; the real Gromov-Witten invariants they determine are in a sense canonically determined by the complete intersection itself, (at least) in most cases. We also obtain equivariant localization data that computes the real invariants of projective spaces and determines the contributions from many torus fixed loci for other complete intersections. Our results confirm Walcher's predictions for the vanishing of these invariants in certain cases and for the localization data in other cases.