Interplay between Mach cone and radial expansion and its signal in $\gamma$-jet events

TL;DR

This study uses 3+1D hydrodynamic simulations to analyze how jet-induced Mach cones interact with radial expansion in quark-gluon plasma, revealing observable signals in particle distributions that inform about jet paths.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed 3+1D hydrodynamic analysis of the interplay between Mach cones and radial flow in expanding QGP during $$-jet events.

Findings

Particle emission suppression in the direction of radial flow pushback.

Direct hydrodynamic response signal related to jet path.

Interaction effects distort Mach cone and radial expansion mutual influence.

Abstract

We study the hydrodynamic response to jet quenching in expanding quark-gluon plasma (QGP) and its signal in the resulting particle distribution. The ideal hydrodynamic simulations of the $\gamma$-jet events in heavy-ion collisions are performed in a full (3 + 1)-dimensional setup. The jet-induced Mach cone and the radial expansion of the background mutually push and distort each other. As a result, the particle emission is suppressed in the direction in which the radial flow is pushed back by the Mach cone when the jet path is an off-central one. This is the direct signal of hydrodynamic response to the jetand, moreover, includes information about the jet path in the expanding QGP fluid.