Mean-field predictions for a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate with $^{164}$Dy

TL;DR

This paper uses mean-field theory to analyze dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates of dysprosium, revealing unique stability features, structured states, and aspect ratio inversion effects during expansion.

Contribution

It provides a detailed numerical study of dipolar condensates with realistic parameters, highlighting the impact of dipole-dipole interactions on stability and dynamics.

Findings

Identification of stability and phase diagrams for dysprosium condensates

Observation of structured states due to dipole interactions

Deviation from typical aspect ratio inversion during expansion

Abstract

We study dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates for a realistic set of parameters close to actual experimental setups with dysprosium. Our analysis is based on the extended Gross-Pitaevskii equation, which we solve numerically exact on a three-dimensional grid. We present stability and phase diagrams, and study the expansion dynamics of dipolar condensates. Our calculations show signatures of the dipole-dipole interaction in terms of structured states and a deviation of the well-known inversion of the aspect ratio of the cloud during a time of flight.