A combined model for the pseudorapidity distributions in p-p collisions at center-of-mass energies from 23.6 to 7000 GeV

TL;DR

This paper presents a combined model using Gaussian distributions for leading particles and a unified hydrodynamics approach to accurately describe pseudorapidity distributions in proton-proton collisions across a wide energy range, matching experimental data.

Contribution

It introduces a novel combined model integrating leading particle Gaussian distributions with a unified hydrodynamics framework for better pseudorapidity distribution predictions.

Findings

Model predictions agree well with experimental data from 23.6 to 7000 GeV.

Unified hydrodynamics effectively describes the hot and dense matter expansion.

The combined approach improves understanding of particle production mechanisms.

Abstract

In p-p collisions, the produced charge particles consist of two leading particles and those frozen out from the hot and dense matter created in collisions. The two leading particles are respectively in the projectile and target fragmentation region, which, in this paper, are conventionally supposed to have Gaussian rapidity distributions. The hot and dense matter is assumed to expand according to the unified hydrodynamics, a hydro model which unifies the features of Landau and Hwa-Bjorken model, and freeze out into charged particles from a space-like hypersurface with a fixed proper time of Tau_FO. The rapidity distribution of this part of charged particles can be derived out analytically. The combined contribution from both leading particles and unified hydrodynamics is then compared against the experimental data performed in a wide now available center-of-mass energy region from 23.6 to 7000 GeV. The model predictions are in well consistent with experimental measurements.