Effective spin-chain model for strongly interacting one-dimensional atomic gases with an arbitrary spin

TL;DR

This paper develops a universal effective spin-chain model for strongly interacting 1D atomic gases with arbitrary spin, revealing magnetic orders and their manipulation via spin-orbit coupling.

Contribution

It introduces a unified spin-chain model applicable to any spin, statistics, and confinement, and explores magnetic orders and effects of spin-orbit coupling in 1D systems.

Findings

Unified spin-chain model for arbitrary spin systems.

Identification of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic orders.

Spin-orbit coupling can destroy magnetic orders and lead to universal spin structures.

Abstract

We present a general form of the effective spin-chain model for strongly interacting atomic gases with an arbitrary spin in the one-dimensional(1D) traps. In particular, for high-spin systems the atoms can collide in multiple scattering channels, and we find that the resulted form of spin-chain model generically follows the same structure as that of the interaction potentials. This is a unified form working for any spin, statistics (Bose or Fermi) and confinement potentials. We adopt the spin-chain model to reveal both the ferromagnetic(FM) and anti-ferromagnetic(AFM) magnetic orders for strongly interacting spin-1 bosons in 1D traps. We further show that by adding the spin-orbit coupling, the FM/AFM orders can be gradually destroyed and eventually the ground state exhibits universal spin structure and contacts that are independent of the strength of spin-orbit coupling.